The foundation of the automobile chassis is the frame which pro-
vides support for the engine, body and power-train members. Cross members reinforce the frame. The frame is rigid and strong so that it
can withstand the shocks, vibrations, twists and other strains to which
it is put on the road.
The frame provides a firm structure for the body, as well as a good
point for the suspension system. There are two types of frames, namely:
conventional frames and integral (unibody) frames (frameless construc-
tions).
Conventional frames are usually made of heavy steel channel sec-
tions welded or riveted together. All other parts of the car are attached
to the frame.
In order to prevent noise and vibrations from passing to the frame
and from there to the passengers of the car, the frame is insulated from
these parts by rubber pads.
It is also important to insulate the frame in order to prevent metal-
to-metal contacts.
Frameless (unibody) constructions are called so because they are
made integral with the body. The body parts are used to structurally
strengthen the entire car. Some unibody frames have partial front and
rear frames for attaching the engine and suspension members.

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